ASP.NET MVC, Entity Framework Code First與MySql的筆記
在一次機會中，需要在ASP.NET MVC去接MySql資料庫，試玩一下之後，發現在ASP.NET MVC與Entity Framework環境下去對接MySql資料庫並不會太難，以下為簡單的筆記。
連線MySql三個重要元件
其實走對第一步，對接MySql資料庫已經完成了80%說。 :)
首先你要安裝三個重要的元件：
- MySql.Data
- MySql.Data.Entity
- MySql.Web
你可以選擇從 MySql 下載是安裝 Connector/Net 或從 NuGet 下載安裝，不過強烈建議使用 NuGet 來安裝，因為透過 NuGet 安裝 MySql 元件時會順便幫你把 web.config 組態給設定好。記得自己在Azure上取得的MySql connectionString設定進去。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880
-->
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
<!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
</configSections>
<appSettings>
<add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
<add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
</appSettings>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.6.1" />
<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.6.1" />
<membership defaultProvider="MySQLMembershipProvider">
<providers>
<remove name="MySQLMembershipProvider" />
<add name="MySQLMembershipProvider" type="MySql.Web.Security.MySQLMembershipProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" connectionStringName="LocalMySqlServer" enablePasswordRetrieval="false" enablePasswordReset="true" requiresQuestionAndAnswer="true" applicationName="/" requiresUniqueEmail="false" passwordFormat="Clear" maxInvalidPasswordAttempts="5" minRequiredPasswordLength="7" minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="1" passwordAttemptWindow="10" passwordStrengthRegularExpression="" />
</providers>
</membership>
<profile defaultProvider="MySQLProfileProvider">
<providers>
<remove name="MySQLProfileProvider" />
<add name="MySQLProfileProvider" type="MySql.Web.Profile.MySQLProfileProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" connectionStringName="LocalMySqlServer" applicationName="/" />
</providers>
</profile>
<roleManager defaultProvider="MySQLRoleProvider">
<providers>
<remove name="MySQLRoleProvider" />
<add name="MySQLRoleProvider" type="MySql.Web.Security.MySQLRoleProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" connectionStringName="LocalMySqlServer" applicationName="/" />
</providers>
</roleManager>
<siteMap defaultProvider="MySqlSiteMapProvider">
<providers>
<remove name="MySqlSiteMapProvider" />
<add name="MySqlSiteMapProvider" type="MySql.Web.SiteMap.MySqlSiteMapProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" connectionStringName="LocalMySqlServer" applicationName="/" />
</providers>
</siteMap>
<webParts>
<personalization defaultProvider="MySQLPersonalizationProvider">
<providers>
<remove name="MySQLPersonalizationProvider" />
<add name="MySQLPersonalizationProvider" type="MySql.Web.Personalization.MySqlPersonalizationProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" connectionStringName="LocalMySqlServer" applicationName="/" />
</providers>
</personalization>
</webParts>
</system.web>
<runtime>
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity name="MySql.Data" publicKeyToken="c5687fc88969c44d" culture="neutral" />
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-6.9.8.0" newVersion="6.9.8.0" />
</dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding>
</runtime>
<system.data>
<DbProviderFactories>
<remove invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" />
<add name="MySQL Data Provider" invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for MySQL" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlClientFactory, MySql.Data, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" />
</DbProviderFactories>
</system.data>
<entityFramework>
<defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
<parameters>
<parameter value="v12.0" />
</parameters>
</defaultConnectionFactory>
<providers>
<provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
<provider invariantName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlProviderServices, MySql.Data.Entity.EF6, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" />
</providers>
</entityFramework>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="MySqlModel" providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" connectionString="Your MySql ConnString" />
<add name="MsSqlModel" connectionString="Your MsSql ConnString" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>
<system.codedom>
<compilers>
<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:6 /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
<compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:14 /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\"Web\" /optionInfer+" />
</compilers>
</system.codedom>
</configuration>
除了connectionStrings之外，可以發現透過 NuGet 可以省去許多 web.config 設置的動作。
新增MySqlContext
這邊我們模仿Entity Framework Code First的寫法，新增一個MySqlContext 並繼承 DbContext，依樣畫葫蘆：
public class MySqlContext : DbContext
{
public MySqlContext() : base("MySqlModel")
{ }
public DbSet<total> total { get; set; }
}
到這裡已完成所有連線MySql所需要的動作。簡單吧。 :)
呼叫 MySqlContext 存取 MySql
public ActionResult Home()
{
MySqlContext db = new MySqlContext();
var total = db.total;
return Json(total, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
如同使用Entity Framework一樣，可以直接透過 LINQ 來存取 MySql 即可。
小結
其實我嘗試的時間比寫這篇筆記的時間還多，尤其是網路一些文章都會叫你去下載 Connector/Net 元件，然後就…試不出來 -_-|||
直到透過 Nuget 正確安裝好 MySql 三個元件後，後面使用就和 Entity Framework / MS SQL 存取沒有什麼差異了。
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